ISDA: 9PGL

Deposition Date 2025-07-08

Release Date 2026-02-18

Last Version Date 2026-02-25

Entry Detail

PDB ID:

9PGL

Keywords:

RIBOSOME

Title:

In situ structure of the human mitoribosome in the A-P state with TACO1

Biological Source:

Source Organism(s):

Homo sapiens (Taxon ID: 9606)

Method Details:

Experimental Method:

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

Resolution:

2.90 Å

Aggregation State:

PARTICLE

Reconstruction Method:

SINGLE PARTICLE

Download Validation Report

Macromolecular Entities

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L32, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:A (auth: 0)
Chain Length:188
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L33, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:B (auth: 1)
Chain Length:65
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L34, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:C (auth: 2)
Chain Length:92
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L35, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:D (auth: 3)
Chain Length:188
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L36, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:E (auth: 4)
Chain Length:103
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L37, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:F (auth: 5)
Chain Length:423
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L38, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:G (auth: 6)
Chain Length:380
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L39, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:H (auth: 7)
Chain Length:338
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L40, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:I (auth: 8)
Chain Length:206
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L41, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:J (auth: 9)
Chain Length:137
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:16S mitochondrial rRNA
Chain IDs:K (auth: A)
Chain Length:1561
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Small ribosomal subunit protein mS34
Chain IDs:YB (auth: A0)
Chain Length:217
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S35, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:ZB (auth: A1)
Chain Length:323
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Small ribosomal subunit protein mS37
Chain IDs:LC (auth: A2)
Chain Length:118
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Aurora kinase A-interacting protein
Chain IDs:AC (auth: A3)
Chain Length:199
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Pentatricopeptide repeat domain-containing protein 3, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:JC (auth: A4)
Chain Length:689
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:12S mitochondrial rRNA
Chain IDs:DC (auth: AA)
Chain Length:954
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S2, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:DB (auth: AB)
Chain Length:296
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S24, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:EB (auth: AC)
Chain Length:167
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S5, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:FB (auth: AD)
Chain Length:430
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S6, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:GB (auth: AE)
Chain Length:125
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S7, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:HB (auth: AF)
Chain Length:242
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S9, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:IB (auth: AG)
Chain Length:396
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S10, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:JB (auth: AH)
Chain Length:201
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S11, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:EC (auth: AI)
Chain Length:194
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S12, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:KB (auth: AJ)
Chain Length:138
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S14, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:LB (auth: AK)
Chain Length:128
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S15, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:MB (auth: AL)
Chain Length:257
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S16, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:NB (auth: AM)
Chain Length:137
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S17, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:OB (auth: AN)
Chain Length:130
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S18b, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:PB (auth: AO)
Chain Length:258
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S18c, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:QB (auth: AP)
Chain Length:142
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Small ribosomal subunit protein bS21m
Chain IDs:MC (auth: AQ)
Chain Length:87
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S22, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:RB (auth: AR)
Chain Length:360
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S23, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:SB (auth: AS)
Chain Length:190
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S25, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:TB (auth: AT)
Chain Length:173
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S26, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:UB (auth: AU)
Chain Length:205
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S27, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:VB (auth: AV)
Chain Length:414
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S28, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:WB (auth: AW)
Chain Length:187
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S29, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:KC (auth: AX)
Chain Length:71
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S31, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:CC (auth: AY)
Chain Length:395
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S33, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:XB (auth: AZ)
Chain Length:106
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:A/A-tRNA
Chain IDs:IC (auth: Aw)
Chain Length:187
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:P/P-tRNA
Chain IDs:HC (auth: Ax)
Chain Length:71
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:mRNA
Chain IDs:BC (auth: Az)
Chain Length:106
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:mitochondrial tRNAVal
Chain IDs:NC (auth: B)
Chain Length:72
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Translational activator of cytochrome c oxidase 1
Chain IDs:L (auth: C)
Chain Length:297
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L2, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:M (auth: D)
Chain Length:306
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L3, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:N (auth: E)
Chain Length:348
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L4, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:O (auth: F)
Chain Length:311
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L12, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:HA (auth: G), XA (auth: t), YA (auth: u)
Chain Length:166
Number of Molecules:3
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L9, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:P (auth: H)
Chain Length:267
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L10, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:Q (auth: I)
Chain Length:128
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L11, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:R (auth: J)
Chain Length:123
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit protein uL13m
Chain IDs:S (auth: K)
Chain Length:178
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L14, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:T (auth: L)
Chain Length:138
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L15, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:U (auth: M)
Chain Length:296
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L16, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:V (auth: N)
Chain Length:251
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L17, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:W (auth: O)
Chain Length:175
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Mitochondrial inner membrane protein OXA1L
Chain IDs:FC (auth: OX)
Chain Length:435
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L18, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:X (auth: P)
Chain Length:180
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L19, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:Y (auth: Q)
Chain Length:292
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L20, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:Z (auth: R)
Chain Length:149
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L21, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:AA (auth: S)
Chain Length:205
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L22, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:BA (auth: T)
Chain Length:206
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L23, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:CA (auth: U)
Chain Length:153
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L24, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:IA (auth: V)
Chain Length:216
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L27, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:DA (auth: W)
Chain Length:148
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L28, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:EA (auth: X)
Chain Length:256
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L47, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:FA (auth: Y)
Chain Length:250
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L30, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:GA (auth: Z)
Chain Length:161
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L42, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:GC (auth: a)
Chain Length:1561
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L43, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:JA (auth: b)
Chain Length:72
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L44, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:ZA (auth: c)
Chain Length:297
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L45, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:KA (auth: d)
Chain Length:306
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L46, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:LA (auth: e)
Chain Length:348
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L48, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:AB (auth: f)
Chain Length:311
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L49, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:MA (auth: g)
Chain Length:166
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L50, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:NA (auth: h)
Chain Length:267
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L51, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:OA (auth: i)
Chain Length:128
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L52, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:PA (auth: j)
Chain Length:123
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit protein mL53
Chain IDs:QA (auth: k)
Chain Length:178
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L54, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:RA (auth: l)
Chain Length:138
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L55, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:SA (auth: m)
Chain Length:296
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Nascent polypeptide
Chain IDs:TA (auth: n)
Chain Length:251
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Ribosomal protein 63, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:UA (auth: o)
Chain Length:175
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase ICT1, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:BB (auth: p)
Chain Length:180
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible proteins-interacting protein 1
Chain IDs:VA (auth: q)
Chain Length:292
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein S18a, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:WA (auth: r)
Chain Length:149
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein S30, mitochondrial
Chain IDs:CB (auth: s)
Chain Length:205
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Modified Residue

Compound ID	Chain ID	Parent Comp ID	Details
1MA	K	A	modified residue
2MG	NC	G	modified residue
5MC	DC	C	modified residue
5MU	DC	U	modified residue
B8T	DC	C	modified residue
MA6	DC	A	modified residue
OMG	K	G	modified residue
OMU	K	U	modified residue
PSU	K	U	modified residue

Ligand Molecules

ATP

FES

GDP

NAD

PUT

SPD

SPM

VAL

Primary Citation

Structural basis of TACO1-mediated efficient mitochondrial translation.

Wang, S, Brischigliaro, M, Zhang, Y, Wu, C, Zheng, W, Barrientos, A, Xiong, Y.Show

Nat Commun ? ? ? (2026)

PMID: 41663403 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69156-y

Abstact

Translation elongation is a universally conserved step in protein synthesis, relying on elongation factors that engage the ribosomal L7/L12 stalk to mediate aminoacyl-tRNA delivery, accommodation, and ribosomal translocation. Using in organello cryo-electron microscopy, we reveal how the mitochondrial translation accelerator TACO1 promotes efficient elongation on human mitoribosomes. TACO1 binds the mitoribosomal region typically bound by elongation factor Tu (mtEF-Tu), bridging the large and small subunits via contacts with 16S rRNA, bL12m, A-site tRNA, and uS12m. While active throughout elongation, TACO1 is especially critical when translating polyproline motifs. Its absence prolongs mtEF-Tu residence in A/T states, causes persistent mitoribosomal stalling and premature subunit dissociation. Structural analyses indicate that TACO1 competes with mtEF-Tu for mitoribosome binding, stabilizes A-site tRNA, and enhances peptidyl transfer through a mechanism distinct from EF-P and eIF5A. These findings suggest that bacterial TACO1 orthologs may serve analogous roles, highlighting an evolutionarily conserved strategy for maintaining elongation efficiency during challenging translation events.

Legend

Protein

Chemical

Disease

Primary Citation of related structures

Abstact

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