ISDA

Deposition Date 2023-05-14

Release Date 2023-12-06

Last Version Date 2025-02-12

Entry Detail

PDB ID:

8JDK

Keywords:

RIBOSOME

Title:

Structure of the Human cytoplasmic Ribosome with human tRNA Asp(ManQ34) and mRNA(GAU)

Biological Source:

Source Organism:

Homo sapiens (Taxon ID: 9606)

Method Details:

Experimental Method:

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

Resolution:

2.26 Å

Aggregation State:

PARTICLE

Reconstruction Method:

SINGLE PARTICLE

Download Validation Report

Macromolecular Entities

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S3
Gene (Uniprot):RPS3
Chain IDs:AB (auth: 0)
Chain Length:243
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P23396 Pfam ID:PF07650, PF00189

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S4, X isoform
Gene (Uniprot):RPS4X
Chain IDs:BB (auth: 1)
Chain Length:263
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62701 Pfam ID:PF08071, PF00900, PF00467, PF16121

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S5
Gene (Uniprot):RPS5
Chain IDs:CB (auth: 2)
Chain Length:204
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P46782 Pfam ID:PF00177

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S6
Gene (Uniprot):RPS6
Chain IDs:DB (auth: 3)
Chain Length:249
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62753 Pfam ID:PF01092

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S7
Gene (Uniprot):RPS7
Chain IDs:EB (auth: 4)
Chain Length:194
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62081 Pfam ID:PF01251

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S8
Gene (Uniprot):RPS8
Chain IDs:FB (auth: 5)
Chain Length:208
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62241 Pfam ID:PF01201

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S9
Gene (Uniprot):RPS9
Chain IDs:GB (auth: 6)
Chain Length:194
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P46781 Pfam ID:PF00163, PF01479

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S10
Gene (Uniprot):RPS10
Chain IDs:HB (auth: 7)
Chain Length:165
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P46783 Pfam ID:PF03501

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S11
Gene (Uniprot):RPS11
Chain IDs:IB (auth: 8)
Chain Length:158
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62280 Pfam ID:PF16205, PF00366

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S13
Gene (Uniprot):RPS13
Chain IDs:JB (auth: 9)
Chain Length:151
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62277 Pfam ID:PF08069, PF00312

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:mRNA
Chain IDs:A
Chain Length:140
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S14
Gene (Uniprot):RPS14
Chain IDs:KB (auth: AA)
Chain Length:151
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62263 Pfam ID:PF00411

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S15
Gene (Uniprot):RPS15
Chain IDs:LB (auth: AB)
Chain Length:145
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62841 Pfam ID:PF00203

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S16
Gene (Uniprot):RPS16
Chain IDs:MB (auth: AC)
Chain Length:146
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62249 Pfam ID:PF00380

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S17
Gene (Uniprot):RPS17
Chain IDs:NB (auth: AD)
Chain Length:135
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P08708 Pfam ID:PF00833

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S18
Gene (Uniprot):RPS18
Chain IDs:OB (auth: AE)
Chain Length:152
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62269 Pfam ID:PF00416

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S19
Gene (Uniprot):RPS19
Chain IDs:PB (auth: AF)
Chain Length:145
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P39019 Pfam ID:PF01090

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S20
Gene (Uniprot):RPS20
Chain IDs:QB (auth: AG)
Chain Length:119
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P60866 Pfam ID:PF00338

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S21
Gene (Uniprot):RPS21
Chain IDs:RB (auth: AH)
Chain Length:83
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P63220 Pfam ID:PF01249

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S15a
Gene (Uniprot):RPS15A
Chain IDs:SB (auth: AI)
Chain Length:130
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62244 Pfam ID:PF00410

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S23
Gene (Uniprot):RPS23
Chain IDs:TB (auth: AJ)
Chain Length:143
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62266 Pfam ID:PF00164

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S24
Gene (Uniprot):RPS24
Chain IDs:UB (auth: AK)
Chain Length:133
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62847 Pfam ID:PF01282

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S25
Gene (Uniprot):RPS25
Chain IDs:VB (auth: AL)
Chain Length:125
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62851 Pfam ID:PF03297

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S26
Gene (Uniprot):RPS26
Chain IDs:WB (auth: AM)
Chain Length:115
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62854 Pfam ID:PF01283

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S27
Gene (Uniprot):RPS27
Chain IDs:XB (auth: AN)
Chain Length:84
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P42677 Pfam ID:PF01667

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S28
Gene (Uniprot):RPS28
Chain IDs:YB (auth: AO)
Chain Length:69
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62857 Pfam ID:PF01200

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S29
Gene (Uniprot):RPS29
Chain IDs:ZB (auth: AP)
Chain Length:56
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62273 Pfam ID:PF00253

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S30
Gene (Uniprot):FAU
Chain IDs:AC (auth: AQ)
Chain Length:59
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62861 Pfam ID:PF04758

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Receptor of activated protein C kinase 1
Gene (Uniprot):RACK1
Chain IDs:BC (auth: AR)
Chain Length:317
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P63244 Pfam ID:PF00400

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:tRNA (Asp)
Chain IDs:B, C
Chain Length:157
Number of Molecules:2
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:28S ribosomal RNA
Chain IDs:D
Chain Length:5070
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:5S ribosomal RNA
Chain IDs:E
Chain Length:136
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:5.8S ribosomal RNA
Chain IDs:F
Chain Length:148
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L8
Gene (Uniprot):RPL8
Chain IDs:G
Chain Length:257
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62917 Pfam ID:PF00181, PF03947

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L3
Gene (Uniprot):RPL3
Chain IDs:H
Chain Length:115
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P39023 Pfam ID:PF00297

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L4
Gene (Uniprot):RPL4
Chain IDs:I
Chain Length:427
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P36578 Pfam ID:PF00573, PF14374

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L5
Gene (Uniprot):RPL5
Chain IDs:J
Chain Length:297
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P46777 Pfam ID:PF17144, PF14204

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L6
Gene (Uniprot):RPL6
Chain IDs:K
Chain Length:110
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:Q02878 Pfam ID:PF03868, PF01159

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L7
Gene (Uniprot):RPL7
Chain IDs:L
Chain Length:117
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P18124 Pfam ID:PF08079, PF00327

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L7a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL7A
Chain IDs:M
Chain Length:266
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62424 Pfam ID:PF01248

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L9
Gene (Uniprot):RPL9, RPL9P7, RPL9P8, RPL9P9
Chain IDs:N
Chain Length:105
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P32969 Pfam ID:PF00347

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L10-like
Gene (Uniprot):RPL10L
Chain IDs:O
Chain Length:97
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:Q96L21 Pfam ID:PF00252

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L11
Gene (Uniprot):RPL11
Chain IDs:P
Chain Length:178
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62913 Pfam ID:PF00281, PF00673

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L13
Gene (Uniprot):RPL13
Chain IDs:Q
Chain Length:51
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P26373 Pfam ID:PF01294

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L14
Gene (Uniprot):RPL14
Chain IDs:R
Chain Length:128
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P50914 Pfam ID:PF01929

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L15
Gene (Uniprot):RPL15
Chain IDs:S
Chain Length:204
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P61313 Pfam ID:PF00827

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L13a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL13A
Chain IDs:T
Chain Length:106
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P40429 Pfam ID:PF00572

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L17
Gene (Uniprot):RPL17
Chain IDs:U
Chain Length:92
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P18621 Pfam ID:PF00237

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L18
Gene (Uniprot):RPL18
Chain IDs:V
Chain Length:188
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:Q07020 Pfam ID:PF17135

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L19
Gene (Uniprot):RPL19
Chain IDs:W
Chain Length:196
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P84098 Pfam ID:PF01280

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L18a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL18A
Chain IDs:X
Chain Length:176
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:Q02543 Pfam ID:PF01775

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L21
Gene (Uniprot):RPL21
Chain IDs:Y
Chain Length:264
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P46778 Pfam ID:PF01157

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L22
Gene (Uniprot):RPL22
Chain IDs:Z
Chain Length:128
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P35268 Pfam ID:PF01776

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L23
Gene (Uniprot):RPL23
Chain IDs:AA (auth: a)
Chain Length:140
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62829 Pfam ID:PF00238

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L24
Gene (Uniprot):RPL24
Chain IDs:BA (auth: b)
Chain Length:157
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P83731 Pfam ID:PF01246

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L23a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL23A
Chain IDs:CA (auth: c)
Chain Length:156
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62750 Pfam ID:PF03939, PF00276

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L26
Gene (Uniprot):RPL26
Chain IDs:DA (auth: d)
Chain Length:5070
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P61254 Pfam ID:PF16906, PF00467

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L27
Gene (Uniprot):RPL27
Chain IDs:EA (auth: e)
Chain Length:136
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P61353 Pfam ID:PF00467, PF01777

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L27a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL27A
Chain IDs:FA (auth: f)
Chain Length:148
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P46776 Pfam ID:PF00828

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L29
Gene (Uniprot):RPL29
Chain IDs:GA (auth: g)
Chain Length:257
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P47914 Pfam ID:PF01779

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L30
Gene (Uniprot):RPL30
Chain IDs:HA (auth: h)
Chain Length:115
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62888 Pfam ID:PF01248

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L31
Gene (Uniprot):RPL31
Chain IDs:IA (auth: i)
Chain Length:427
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62899 Pfam ID:PF01198

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L32
Gene (Uniprot):RPL32
Chain IDs:JA (auth: j)
Chain Length:297
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62910 Pfam ID:PF01655

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L35a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL35A
Chain IDs:KA (auth: k)
Chain Length:110
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P18077 Pfam ID:PF01247

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L34
Gene (Uniprot):RPL34
Chain IDs:LA (auth: l)
Chain Length:117
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P49207 Pfam ID:PF01199

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L35
Gene (Uniprot):RPL35
Chain IDs:MA (auth: m)
Chain Length:266
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P42766 Pfam ID:PF00831

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L36
Gene (Uniprot):RPL36
Chain IDs:NA (auth: n)
Chain Length:105
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:Q9Y3U8 Pfam ID:PF01158

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L37
Gene (Uniprot):RPL37
Chain IDs:OA (auth: o)
Chain Length:97
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P61927 Pfam ID:PF01907

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L38
Gene (Uniprot):RPL38
Chain IDs:PA (auth: p)
Chain Length:178
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P63173 Pfam ID:PF01781

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L39
Gene (Uniprot):RPL39
Chain IDs:QA (auth: q)
Chain Length:51
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62891 Pfam ID:PF00832

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40
Gene (Uniprot):UBA52
Chain IDs:RA (auth: r)
Chain Length:128
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62987 Pfam ID:PF00240, PF01020

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L41
Gene (Uniprot):RPL41
Chain IDs:SA (auth: s)
Chain Length:204
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P62945 Pfam ID:PF05162

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L36a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL36A
Chain IDs:TA (auth: t)
Chain Length:106
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P83881 Pfam ID:PF00935

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L37a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL37A
Chain IDs:UA (auth: u)
Chain Length:92
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P61513 Pfam ID:PF01780

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L28
Gene (Uniprot):RPL28
Chain IDs:VA (auth: v)
Chain Length:188
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P46779 Pfam ID:PF01778

Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:18S ribosomal RNA
Chain IDs:WA (auth: w)
Chain Length:196
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein SA
Gene (Uniprot):RPSA
Chain IDs:XA (auth: x)
Chain Length:176
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P08865 Pfam ID:PF00318, PF16122

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S3a
Gene (Uniprot):RPS3A
Chain IDs:YA (auth: y)
Chain Length:264
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P61247 Pfam ID:PF01015

Protein Blast

Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S2
Gene (Uniprot):RPS2
Chain IDs:ZA (auth: z)
Chain Length:128
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens

UniProt ID:P15880 Pfam ID:PF00333, PF03719

Ligand Molecules

MAN

Primary Citation

Glycosylated queuosines in tRNAs optimize translational rate and post-embryonic growth.

Zhao, X, Ma, D, Ishiguro, K, Saito, H, Akichika, S, Matsuzawa, I, Mito, M, Irie, T, Ishibashi, K, Wakabayashi, K, Sakaguchi, Y, Yokoyama, T, Mishima, Y, Shirouzu, M, Iwasaki, S, Suzuki, T, Suzuki, T.Show

Cell 186 5517 ? (2023)

PMID: 37992713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.026

Abstact

Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications are critical for protein synthesis. Queuosine (Q), a 7-deaza-guanosine derivative, is present in tRNA anticodons. In vertebrate tRNAs for Tyr and Asp, Q is further glycosylated with galactose and mannose to generate galQ and manQ, respectively. However, biogenesis and physiological relevance of Q-glycosylation remain poorly understood. Here, we biochemically identified two RNA glycosylases, QTGAL and QTMAN, and successfully reconstituted Q-glycosylation of tRNAs using nucleotide diphosphate sugars. Ribosome profiling of knockout cells revealed that Q-glycosylation slowed down elongation at cognate codons, UAC and GAC (GAU), respectively. We also found that galactosylation of Q suppresses stop codon readthrough. Moreover, protein aggregates increased in cells lacking Q-glycosylation, indicating that Q-glycosylation contributes to proteostasis. Cryo-EM of human ribosome-tRNA complex revealed the molecular basis of codon recognition regulated by Q-glycosylations. Furthermore, zebrafish qtgal and qtman knockout lines displayed shortened body length, implying that Q-glycosylation is required for post-embryonic growth in vertebrates.

Legend

Protein

Chemical

Disease

Primary Citation of related structures