4S3G image
Entry Detail
PDB ID:
4S3G
Keywords:
Title:
Structure of the F249X mutant of Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C from Staphylococcus aureus
Biological Source:
Host Organism:
PDB Version:
Deposition Date:
2015-01-26
Release Date:
2015-07-01
Method Details:
Experimental Method:
Resolution:
2.50 Å
R-Value Free:
0.29
R-Value Work:
0.21
R-Value Observed:
0.21
Space Group:
P 43 21 2
Macromolecular Entities
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Description:1-phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase
Mutations:F249X (X=PF5)
Chain IDs:A
Chain Length:302
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Staphylococcus aureus str. Newman
Modified Residue
Compound ID Chain ID Parent Comp ID Details 2D Image
PF5 A PHE 2,3,4,5,6-PENTAFLUORO-L-PHENYLALANINE
Primary Citation
Fluorinated Aromatic Amino Acids Distinguish Cation-pi Interactions from Membrane Insertion.
J.Biol.Chem. 290 19334 19342 (2015)
PMID: 26092728 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M115.668343

Abstact

Cation-π interactions, where protein aromatic residues supply π systems while a positive-charged portion of phospholipid head groups are the cations, have been suggested as important binding modes for peripheral membrane proteins. However, aromatic amino acids can also insert into membranes and hydrophobically interact with lipid tails. Heretofore there has been no facile way to differentiate these two types of interactions. We show that specific incorporation of fluorinated amino acids into proteins can experimentally distinguish cation-π interactions from membrane insertion of the aromatic side chains. Fluorinated aromatic amino acids destabilize the cation-π interactions by altering electrostatics of the aromatic ring, whereas their increased hydrophobicity enhances membrane insertion. Incorporation of pentafluorophenylalanine or difluorotyrosine into a Staphylococcus aureus phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C variant engineered to contain a specific PC-binding site demonstrates the effectiveness of this methodology. Applying this methodology to the plethora of tyrosine residues in Bacillus thuringiensis phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C definitively identifies those involved in cation-π interactions with phosphatidylcholine. This powerful method can easily be used to determine the roles of aromatic residues in other peripheral membrane proteins and in integral membrane proteins.

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