4OLV image
Entry Detail
PDB ID:
4OLV
Title:
Crystal structure of antibody VRC07-G54F in complex with clade A/E 93TH057 HIV-1 gp120 core
Biological Source:
Host Organism:
PDB Version:
Deposition Date:
2014-01-25
Release Date:
2014-09-03
Method Details:
Experimental Method:
Resolution:
2.50 Å
R-Value Free:
0.25
R-Value Work:
0.20
R-Value Observed:
0.20
Space Group:
P 21 21 21
Macromolecular Entities
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Description:Envelope glycoprotein gp160
Chain IDs:A (auth: G)
Chain Length:353
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Human immunodeficiency virus 1
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Description:Antigen binding fragment of heavy chain: Antibody VRC01
Chain IDs:B (auth: H)
Chain Length:228
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Description:Antigen binding fragment of light chain: Antibody VRC01
Chain IDs:C (auth: L)
Chain Length:210
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Modified Residue
Compound ID Chain ID Parent Comp ID Details 2D Image
ASN A ASN GLYCOSYLATION SITE
Ligand Molecules
Primary Citation

Abstact

UNLABELLED Over the past 5 years, a new generation of highly potent and broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies has been identified. These antibodies can protect against lentiviral infection in nonhuman primates (NHPs), suggesting that passive antibody transfer would prevent HIV-1 transmission in humans. To increase the protective efficacy of such monoclonal antibodies, we employed next-generation sequencing, computational bioinformatics, and structure-guided design to enhance the neutralization potency and breadth of VRC01, an antibody that targets the CD4 binding site of the HIV-1 envelope. One variant, VRC07-523, was 5- to 8-fold more potent than VRC01, neutralized 96% of viruses tested, and displayed minimal autoreactivity. To compare its protective efficacy to that of VRC01 in vivo, we performed a series of simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenge experiments in nonhuman primates and calculated the doses of VRC07-523 and VRC01 that provide 50% protection (EC50). VRC07-523 prevented infection in NHPs at a 5-fold lower concentration than VRC01. These results suggest that increased neutralization potency in vitro correlates with improved protection against infection in vivo, documenting the improved functional efficacy of VRC07-523 and its potential clinical relevance for protecting against HIV-1 infection in humans. IMPORTANCE In the absence of an effective HIV-1 vaccine, alternative strategies are needed to block HIV-1 transmission. Direct administration of HIV-1-neutralizing antibodies may be able to prevent HIV-1 infections in humans. This approach could be especially useful in individuals at high risk for contracting HIV-1 and could be used together with antiretroviral drugs to prevent infection. To optimize the chance of success, such antibodies can be modified to improve their potency, breadth, and in vivo half-life. Here, knowledge of the structure of a potent neutralizing antibody, VRC01, that targets the CD4-binding site of the HIV-1 envelope protein was used to engineer a next-generation antibody with 5- to 8-fold increased potency in vitro. When administered to nonhuman primates, this antibody conferred protection at a 5-fold lower concentration than the original antibody. Our studies demonstrate an important correlation between in vitro assays used to evaluate the therapeutic potential of antibodies and their in vivo effectiveness.

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