3W12 image
Deposition Date 2012-11-06
Release Date 2013-01-09
Last Version Date 2023-11-08
Entry Detail
PDB ID:
3W12
Title:
Insulin receptor ectodomain construct comprising domains L1-CR in complex with high-affinity insulin analogue [D-PRO-B26]-DTI-NH2, alpha-CT peptide(704-719) and FAB 83-7
Biological Source:
Source Organism:
Homo sapiens (Taxon ID: 9606)
Mus musculus (Taxon ID: 10090)
Host Organism:
Method Details:
Experimental Method:
Resolution:
4.30 Å
R-Value Free:
0.34
R-Value Work:
0.28
R-Value Observed:
0.29
Space Group:
P 2 3
Macromolecular Entities
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Insulin A chain
Gene (Uniprot):INS
Chain IDs:D (auth: A)
Chain Length:21
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:HOMO SAPIENS
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Insulin B chain
Gene (Uniprot):INS
Chain IDs:E (auth: B)
Chain Length:26
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:HOMO SAPIENS
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:monoclonal antibody fab 83-7 fragment - heavy chain
Chain IDs:B (auth: C)
Chain Length:116
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Mus musculus
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:monoclonal antibody fab 83-7 fragment - light chain
Chain IDs:C (auth: D)
Chain Length:114
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Mus musculus
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Insulin receptor domains L1-CR
Gene (Uniprot):INSR
Chain IDs:A (auth: E)
Chain Length:310
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Insulin receptor alpha-CT peptide
Gene (Uniprot):INSR
Chain IDs:F
Chain Length:16
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:HOMO SAPIENS
Modified Residue
Compound ID Chain ID Parent Comp ID Details 2D Image
ASN A ASN GLYCOSYLATION SITE
Ligand Molecules
Primary Citation

Abstact

Insulin receptor signalling has a central role in mammalian biology, regulating cellular metabolism, growth, division, differentiation and survival. Insulin resistance contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the onset of Alzheimer's disease; aberrant signalling occurs in diverse cancers, exacerbated by cross-talk with the homologous type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R). Despite more than three decades of investigation, the three-dimensional structure of the insulin-insulin receptor complex has proved elusive, confounded by the complexity of producing the receptor protein. Here we present the first view, to our knowledge, of the interaction of insulin with its primary binding site on the insulin receptor, on the basis of four crystal structures of insulin bound to truncated insulin receptor constructs. The direct interaction of insulin with the first leucine-rich-repeat domain (L1) of insulin receptor is seen to be sparse, the hormone instead engaging the insulin receptor carboxy-terminal α-chain (αCT) segment, which is itself remodelled on the face of L1 upon insulin binding. Contact between insulin and L1 is restricted to insulin B-chain residues. The αCT segment displaces the B-chain C-terminal β-strand away from the hormone core, revealing the mechanism of a long-proposed conformational switch in insulin upon receptor engagement. This mode of hormone-receptor recognition is novel within the broader family of receptor tyrosine kinases. We support these findings by photo-crosslinking data that place the suggested interactions into the context of the holoreceptor and by isothermal titration calorimetry data that dissect the hormone-insulin receptor interface. Together, our findings provide an explanation for a wealth of biochemical data from the insulin receptor and IGF1R systems relevant to the design of therapeutic insulin analogues.

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Primary Citation of related structures