1QX9 image
Deposition Date 2003-09-04
Release Date 2003-12-30
Last Version Date 2024-10-16
Entry Detail
PDB ID:
1QX9
Title:
Structure of a cyclic indolicidin peptide derivative with higher charge
Biological Source:
Source Organism:
(Taxon ID: )
Method Details:
Experimental Method:
Conformers Calculated:
20
Conformers Submitted:
10
Selection Criteria:
structures with the least restraint violations,structures with the lowest energy
Macromolecular Entities
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:INDOLICIDIN DERIVATIVE
Gene (Uniprot):CATHL4
Mutations:YES
Chain IDs:A
Chain Length:16
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:
Ligand Molecules
Primary Citation
Structure-based design of an indolicidin peptide analogue with increased protease stability
Biochemistry 42 14130 14138 (2003)
PMID: 14640680 DOI: 10.1021/bi035643g

Abstact

Indolicidin is an antimicrobial cationic peptide with broad-spectrum activity isolated from bovine neutrophils. An indolicidin analogue CP-11, ILKKWPWWPWRRK-NH(2), with improved activity against Gram-negative bacteria had increased positive charge and amphipathicity while maintaining the short length of the parent molecule. The structure of CP-11 in the presence of dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) micelles was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. CP-11 was found to be an amphipathic molecule with a U-shaped backbone bringing the N- and C-termini in close proximity. On the basis of this close proximity, a cyclic disulfide-bonded peptide cycloCP-11, ICLKKWPWWPWRRCK-NH(2), was designed to stabilize the lipid-bound structure and to increase protease resistance. The three-dimensional structure of cycloCP-11 was determined under the same conditions as for the linear peptide and was found to be similar to CP-11. Both CP-11 and cycloCP-11 associated with phospholipid membranes in a similar manner as indicated by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectra. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of CP-11 and cycloCP-11 for a range of bacteria differed by no more than 2-fold, and they were nonhemolytic at concentrations up to 256 microg/mL. Cyclization was found to greatly increase protease stability. The half-life of cycloCP-11 in the presence of trypsin was increased by 4.5-fold from 4 to 18 min. More importantly, the antibacterial activity of cycloCP-11, but not that of CP-11, in the presence of trypsin was completely retained up to 90 min since the major degradation product was equally active. A structural comparison of CP-11 and cycloCP-11 revealed that the higher trypsin resistance of cycloCP-11 may be due to the more compact packing of lysine and tryptophan side chains. These findings suggest that cyclization may serve as an important strategy in the rational design of antimicrobial peptides.

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